Catalogue description A SURVEY of IRELAND. [Headed in Sir George Carew's handwriting: "A general survey of Ireland, written by some ignorant person; nevertheless in many things his report is good, but his errors in misnamings is infinite, and so are his omissions. It appears to be written circum 1574, but the additions may be supposed to be inserted about 1597." As the date of "March 1602" occurs the additions must have been made at a later period than that assigned by Carew. Some portions seem to have been written in James I.'s time.]

"Leynster.--The province of Leynster hath counties 7, viz.: Dublyne, Kyldare, Carloghe, Wexforde, Kylkennye, Queen's County alias Leax, King's County alias Offaly.

"The county of Dublyne hath towns of name: Dublyne City, Swordes, Luske, Balrudye; throughfare towns between Tredaffe and Dublyne. Men of power and name: The Lord of Howthe, Barnewells, Plunketts, Finglasses, Bathes, FitzWilliams, Walshes, Russells, Talbotts, Gouldings, Luttrells, gentlemen, with many of meaner sort, all faithful to her Majesty, saving some of the Walshes, who matched in marriage with the Byrnes and Tooles, and bear with them, secretly. Irishry: all the Byrnes; all the Tooles; great sects, and the destruction of the Englishry. Havens in Leynster: Dublyne, Wycklowe, Arklowe. Doubtful: Phelim McToole; in rebellion, Phelim McPheagh; Francis Agarde hath the charge upon them; now Sir Henry Harrington, for the Queen.

"Kildare .. hath in it towns of name: Kyldare, the Nasse, Athye, Castle Dermonde. Men of name: the Earl of Kyldare, Viscount Baltinglasse, attainted, Sir Morris FitzGeralde, with a number of the Geraldines. Gentlemen: John Eustace, with a number of the Eustaces, gentlemen; his chief house is Castle Mortyne; Owgans, Suttons, Aylemers, Boysels, Whites, Walshes, Harberts, gentlemen, all faithful to her Majesty saving the Bastards Geraldines in Shyley-aley, upon the borders of the Cavenaghes; which Bastards maintain divers male-factors. Gerold by one Morris, Edward by another bastard of Gerald Earl of Kildare, in rebellion, force---. Gerald kept the castle of --- in Leix till ---.

"Carloe .. hath in it towns of name: Carlo, Leakelande. [Men of name:] Harkpoole, constable of Carloe, matched with a Coltyonean, and a maintainer of rebels; Henry Davells, a gentleman of Devon; Sir Peter Carewe, whose lands lieth upon the river of Barrowe, between Rosse and Carloghe; Sir Edward Butler, of Clowghgrenan; the Ketings' Kerne, ill-disposed, and now rebels. Sects of the Cavenaghes: (1.) Morchage [Mortaghe?] of Garlile, chief of that sect; (2.) Gerarde McCahir Carraghe, of Glummulle, chief of another; (3.) Cahir Begge, of Leynerocke, chief of another sect; (4.) Bryan McMortaghe of the count[ry] of Melaghe, chief of another sect; (5.) Bryan McCahir McArte, dwelling in the barony of St. Malyne, between Sir Peter Carewe and Rosse, on the river of Barrouglie. All which five sects of the Cavenaghes either be open rebels or doubtful; and Bryan McCahir McArte, a notable rebel, who killed Browne, 1572, with a number of other good gentlemen in Wexforde. The Coltyeonians alias Byrnes, notable rebels; all the rest faithful to her Majesty. Wm. McHubberd, chief of those, hanged in March 1602. 10 septs of the Kavanaghes, i.e.: [The additions to the body of the document, made by several hands, are distinguished in the text by italics. It must, however, be remarked that these are probably not the additions referred to by Carew, as this document appears to be a copy.] --(1.) Gerald McMoridaghe Oge, of Slught Moritaughe; he is upon protection; his sept in rebellion; his house, Rathengerye, in O'Dorne. (2.) Brian McDonoghe, (both these are of Slewght Morroughe Ballaghe), upon protection; his house, Castle Balliboghare in O'Dorne. (3.) Morietaghe McDonoghe, dead; his sept in rebellion. (4.) Morietaghe McMorishe, in rebellion; both these septs are of Slewght Ayte More; both these men's lands in O'Dorne. (5.) Dowghe McCahir, in rebellion; his house was the Castle of Fenes. (6.) Donell McDowghe, alias Donell Spanaghe, in rebellion; his chief house was Huysceethy. (7.) Dermond McMorish, a pensioner in pay: his sept in rebellion; those three septs are of Slewght Donell Reoghe; his pension in Kilkennyn in Wexford. (8.) Moroghe McBrian, upon protection; his sept in rebellion; he is of Slewght Dermond Langrett; his land in St. Nolin in Wexford. (9.) Moroghe Leighe McCaher, dead; his sept in rebellion; he is of Slewght Aitmore; his land in St. Nolyn in Wexford.

"Wexforde .. hath in it towns of name: Wexforde, Rosse, Towmounde, Eyniscorfe, Fernes, Arkelowe, Fidure, the Banno, Clumme. Men of power and name: the Deveroxes, of which the chiefest, Sir Nicholas Deveroxe, was spoiled of late by the Cavenaghes of a great part of his inheritance; Brownes, of which the chiefest, of Melrakan, was slain by the Cavenaghes; Sinot, the chiefest, spoiled of Sinott's lands; Roches, of which the chiefest, Alexander Roche, of Roche's lands; Chevers, chief, Christopher Chevers; Staffords; Piers Butler, who hath a portion of the country called Fassasse Bentry, reported to be a rash young man; Nevills; Kee[t]inges; Lemporte; Towrner. Men of power and name, all faithful but such as be noted otherwise: Suttons; Feeffaris, a malefactor, matched with the Cavenaghes in Carloo, and holding with them; Mayllers; Rossetters; ["Rossellers" in MS.] some of the Powers; Whites; Forlonges, malefactor[s], matched with the Cavenaghes; Hores; Hayes; Doddes. ["Coddes" in MS.] Irishry beyond the river of Slanye: Edmond Dove, chief of the King's slaghes; McErado, chief of that name; the Morrowes, a sect of base and evil-disposed people; Masterson, seneschal of Wexford, upon these.

"Kylkennye .. hath towns of name: Kilkenny, Calein, Thomas-Town, Goran, Jeriponde, Inisteock. Men of name: The Earl of Ormonde [and] Viscount Mountgarret, Butlers: Butlers; Butler of Powles Town, with a number of other Butlers, gentlemen; Sir Barnaby FitzPatrick, possessor of the barony of Upper Osserye, which is as yet no shire; notwithstanding, accompted of the county of Kylkenny; Graces; Walshes, a great sect, at the Earl of Ormonde's commandment; Shortells, Fosters, Blawnchfields, Drylands, Comerfords, Denns, Datons, Sweetmans; all faithful, saving most of the Graces, which do often break out.

"The Queen's County, alias called Leax ...--Mary-bowrg, a town and fort of name. Francis Cosbye, seneschal of the county, with a number of English gentlemen freeholders, whom he hath devoured, and is now himself driven out by Oge, chief of the Moores, an arch-rebel, Rorye Oge, of the O'Moores, a rebel, Doneyll McNeile O'Moore, rebel, Murtaghe McLeise O'Moore, besides many more of the Moores, enemies to her Majesty and her good subjects there. The O'Moers ancient lords of Leix. Caloghe O'More a good subject. Ony McKoey in rebellion.

"King's County ...--Phillipes Town, a town of name. Men of power and name: Henry Cooley, seneschal, with other Englishmen freeholders, sore oppressed by the O'Chonners, rebels, of whom Carmoicke O'Connor is the chief; Deverewx[es], who are of the Irishry, and faithful to her Majesty, of whom only McHughe, of Clunmalier, is chief; some of the Clandonells galliglasses, a naughty race, and ill-disposed to rebellion. Doubtful men: The O'Lyanes of Doregan; The O'Mulloye alias O'Mulmoy, chief of that name; McGeohande, of Keneliaghe, chief of that name. The O'Conne[r]s, ancient lords of Offale. Moulogh O'Coner, a good subject, dwelling in Trime. Brian Lisagh, Mc O'Haley, brothers, in rebellion. Mortagh Oge, in rebellion. Donogh Mc O'Haley, a subject.

"Methe.--The province of Meathe in Ireland hath in it two counties. Meathe, as well inhabited as any shire in England, hath in it these great towns: Trime, Navante, Abbay, Demy (Derry?), Drodawghe, Kelles. Principal noblemen and gentlemen: Viscount Gormanson (Preston); Baron of Trimleston (Barnewell); Lord Killyn (Plunkett); Bannerett, Navant (Nangle); Bannerett, Scryne (Nugent); other infinite surnames; Lord Dunsanye, Hussey, Plunkett, Delahide. Irish crept in: Duffes, Gilshenans, Cawlans, Breens, but have no lands, but followers. Breines follow Betaghe of Moinote; Duffes and Gilshenans follow the Lord of Slane. West Methe hath these towns: Noble, Molengar, Loghsedie, Alone. [Men of name:] Baron Delvyn (Nugent), Nugents, Tutes, Dillons, Daltons, Petits, Darcye, Tirrell. At this time Richard Nugent, son of Mr. Nugent, brother to my Lord of Delvyn, in rebellion; he hath 40, with few properly his own. Both these counties of East and West Methe are infested by these Irish sects, viz., O'Mulloy, of Farcall, King's County; Magohigan, the Fox, King's County; O'Molaghelin; McCohelan, King's County, with the State; O'Brian, of the Breane, with the State; McGall. The Dalahides, allied with the Connors, and enemies to the patentees of such lands as they heretofore lost by rebellion; they are with Walter Yongerle in rebellion.

"Connaghte.--The province of Connaghte hath six counties. Clare, containing the country of the Earl of Theomonde, hath in it these baronies: Corrovaskyrinaghe, Corranero, Kinallericke, Clare; some be the Earl of Theomonde's and some O'Brian's. Castles and towns: Clare, Boraly, Moy Obrekan, three castles of the Earl of Theomonde's; O'Gasse, McNemarr's, O'Molode's, Borren, Cloghlus. Men of name Earl of Theomonde, Sir Donnell O'Brian, McNemareis, a Mortymer.

"Gallowaye .., in which the Earl of Clanrickarde is chief, containeth 15 baronies, which lie east from Gallowaye town, saving three in O'Flahirtie's Country, lying thence west and by north. Baronies: Galloway, Balliriehuish, Kylleny, alias the four Isles of Arran, [all in] O'Flahirtie's Country; Ballimore, McDavis' lands; Downe Moore, the Lord Brumigham's lands; Killingham, Tiaquin, [and] Killionell, the O'Kelleys by West Suck; Longhurt, O'Madin's country; Killaraghte, Downe-Kellyn, Loghe Reoghe, Le-Trim, Athenrye, [and] Clare, [in] Clanricarde. Men of name: The Earl of Clanricarde, the Bowrks, McGowghe, McDavye. Towns: Gallowaye, Athenry. Castles: Castle Kyrbye, which is Morghned O'Flarthie's; Melicke Lohurt, the Queen's; Loighreaghe, Clanricard['s]; Duinmore, Lord Brumigham's; Downe; O'Mane, McDervie's; Tiaquin, Dourgh Teoghe O'Kelley's. [Qu., Donogh Reoghe O'Kelley's.]

"Maio .. lieth flat north from Gallowaye, and McWilliam Eughter is chief. Baronies: Manie (McVadin's lands), BallaLaghan (Mc Jordan's lands, alias Baron de Exetre), BallaHyannes (McCastilowe, alias Baron Nangle), Crosbyhyn (McMorris' lands), Kylvane, Burrisker, [and] Rosse (McWm. Eughter et alii Lower Burkes).

"Sligo .. is in the north part of the province; O'Conor Sligo chief of the same. Baronies: Dromagher, Le-Trim, Mines, [and] Reni (O'Rowark's country); Dromkleano, Ballashenan, [and] Ardnerye (O'Connor Sligo his country). Men of name: O'Coner Sligo, O'Don, O'Har', O'Ghar', McDonoghe. Castles: Sligo (O'Conor Sligo), Ballinevolt (McDonoghe's), Ardnery (John Burke FitzOlyver). Towns: Sligo, May[o].

"Roscomon .. is the east part of the province shooting northward Sligo. Hereof is O'Connor Dune chief. Baronies: Roscomon, Ballen-Caller, [and] Tyrerone (OcConer Dune's country); Athlone [and] Muckarran (OcKelley's, by west the Suck); Monaster-Boyle (McDermonde's country). Men of name: O'Conner Downe, O'Coner Roge, McDermont. Castles: Athenon [and] Roscomon (the Queen's); Ballenecoller (OcConer Dune's); St. John (the Queen's).

"Longforde... Towns: Longforde. Men of name: O'Pharls.

"Brenny is adject to the province of Conaght, and is divided into West Brenny (which hath men of name, O'Awrork, O'Rely,) [and] East Brennye (O'Rely).

Ulster.--The province of Ulster hath in it three English counties and four seigniories.

"Lowthe, the first county, alias Iriell, in which are--Towns: Droidagh, Demy (Derry?), Ardey, Meliphant, Dundalke. Men of name: The Lord of Lowthe (Plunket), the Plunketts, Tates, Tafftes, Clyntons, Wottons, Garnons, Owarne, Moore, Chamberlan, Dowdall, Brandons, Verdons, Warrens, Castles, Bedlow. Irish: McMahone Iriell, Calloghe McMahone, of the Ferney.

"Downe county, alias Leycaile, in which are--Towns: Downe, Nurye, Carlingford. Men of name, English: Earl of Kildare (hath Lecaile, and Captain Malby his farmer), Russell, Awdley, White, Sir Nicholas Bagnoll (hath Nurye, Moore, Greene Castle, Charlingforde, Cowley, Omethe).

"Knockfergus county, in which are--Towns: Knockfergus. [Men of name]: Sir Thomas Smythe, the Earl of Essex. There are also these several countries: (1) Ardes, in which are these men of name--Savages, Smythes, Whites; (2) Clandeboye, in which are these men of name--Bryan McPhelim, the Neeles; (3) Glynnes, which stretch from Olderfleete Haven [to] Donluce, [and in which] are these men--Mesic, McDonnell; (4) Rowte extendeth from Donluce to the Banne--McQuilly; [(5)] Kilulto, in which are the Neeles.

"The Bounds.--The four seigniories of Ulster boundeth eastward upon the county of Knockfergus, [westward] upon Tyrriconell, northward upon the ocean, and southward upon the Lowthe county. Towns: Armaghe, Dongannon, Struband. Men of name: O'Neylle (Tirloughe Lenagh), McDonnell, O'Cane, McCan (sic), O'Donnell, OcGuin, O'Hagan, Baron Dongannon. The second seigniory, called Terreconell, boundeth east upon the Bande, west and north on the ocean, south on Maguine. Towns: Dungall, Castle Liffer, Castle Fyn, Derry. Men of name: O'Donnell, O'Dorty, O'Boyle, O'Galor, three sects of the Swynes (McSwyne, McSwyne Bennoghe, McSwyne Medwyne. Tyren, the third seigniory. Towns: ----. Men of name: O'Donnell, O'Rwirke, Sligo. [Qu., ought this to be under the heading of "Towns?"] Formannoche, the fourth seigniory of Ulster, boundeth east on Tyrone, north on Tyrconnell, south on O'Rwerke. Towns: ----. Men of name: McGwyer.

"Mounster.--In Mounster there are five counties; east, Tipperary; west, Kyrrye; north, Shenon; and south, Corke.

"Lymricke, unto which are adjoining these countries, accompted as parcel of the same: Clan William, Conoghto, Des (sic), Asketton, Kyrrye alias Knight of the Valley's country, Cosmaye. In this country are towns of defence--Lymericke, Kyllmalloc. In this county of Lymrick and Conoghto be men of name: Earl of Kildare, Earl of Desmond, Brownes, Hurleyes, Chasies, Suppells, Purcells, McShees, McBrian Ogono, McBrian Ara, Donall O'Brian, Morowghe O'Brien. In Clane William are men of name: Sir Richard Burke, Richard Burke. In Cosmay, the Lacyes. In the county of Lymricke is part of the White Knight's country, which is given to the Queen's Majesty by Act of Parliament. In Keirrye be men of name, Edmond Ectidam, but the country is given to the Queen's Majesty by Act of Parliament.

Havens in Mounster: Waterford, Dongannon, Youghell, Corke, Kynsale, Rossehaven in Carrabry, Osterhaven, Belatymore, Bearehaven, Lymericke. Bays: Trameore, Molinge, the bay of Dingle, the bay of Gallowaye, Castlehaven, Dingle, Smiricke, sound of Blastowe.

"Corke, the second county of Mownster, south-east the ocean sea; east and by north Waterford, Typperary, Lymricke. Countries adjoining, accompted parcels of the county of Corke, Carbrye, Musigray, Kynhall, Gray-Conelon, Lord Courcy his country, Desmond, Imukelly, Kyrrywhirry, part of the White Knight's country. Towns of defence in the county of Corke: Corke, Youghall, Kynsale. Men of name in the county of Corke: Viscount Fermoy alias Lord Roche, Viscount Butyphante alias Lord Barrymore, Sir Thomas Desmonde, O'Solevan, ["Colevon" in MS.] Sir John of Desmonde. In Musgraye, men of name: Sir Cormock Mc Tege. In Carrabrye, men of name: Sir Donell McArtye alias McArtie, under whom are the O'Driscolles, McHamond, and some of the McSwynes. In Kynnall, men of name: Barry Oge, ["Gege" in MS.] Gogans, Flemminges. The Earl of Desmonde claimeth superiority in the county of Corke, by reason of his two Lordships he hath, viz., Imokilly (where be men of name: Earl of Desmonde, John FitzGarrett John FitzEdmonde, the Powe[r]s), [and] Kyrrye[wherry], (which is let to Sir Warham St. Leger for the Earl of Desmond. Men of name: the Earl of Desmonde, the Russells.)

"Waterforde, the third county of Mounster, unto which is adjoining as parcel thereof the Decyes country; east, Kilkenny; west, Corke; north, Typperarye; south, the ocean. Towns of name: Waterforde, Donegarvon. Men of name in the county of Waterforde and Descyes country; Lord Poor, Sir James FitzGarrett, Patricke Sherlocke, Rowry McShane, McCrowghe.

"Kerrye, the fourth county of Mounster, to which is adjoining the counties of Clanmorries and Desmonde. Towns of name: Dingle, a town of small defence. Men of name: Earl of Desmonde, Baron of Lixennawe alias McMorris in Clanmorris, Knight of Kyrrye, John Oge of the Island, O'Connor Kyrrye, the Ferritor (sic), Hubbers.

"Desmond, which is not yet made a county; north, Kyrrye; east, Carrabrye [and] Musgrave; west, the ocean; south, the ocean. Men of name: Earl of Clancarte alias McArty Moore, O'Suliphant Beare, O'Suliphant Moore, McDonowghe, O'Keyf, McAwley, O'Caloan, McFeinen Heuter (?), [all] followers of the Earl of Clancar, to whom the Earl of Desmond is utter enemy.

"There be also in the province of Mounster other countries accompted counties, and the Butlers' country, viz., the county of Crosse, and the county of Typperarye, wherein are--towns of defence: Cassille, Fethard, Clonmell. ["Clanwell" in MS.] Men of name: Earl of Ormonde, Count Palatine, Baron Don-Boyen, Sir Theobalde Butler, James Tobine, Piers Butler, O'Mulreans, O'Kendy, Purcells, Baron of Loughmaigh, Cantwells.

"There be also wild places in the province of Mounster, not brought into counties, as the country of Harloghe, which some accompt parcel of the county of Typperaye. In Harloghe be lords: McMawe (sic), Ulicke McRicharde, Morrough O'Brien.

"Factions in Mounster, some private and particular, others more open and universal. Between two sects of Gallow[g]lasses, [the] McShees [and] McSwines. Between the Butlers [and] Geraldynes. Between the Earls of Desmonde [and] Clancart. Between the Earl of Desmonde [and] House of Decyes, for chiefry. Between the Earl of Desmonde [and] Barrymore, for the right of Butiphant. Between the Earl of Desmonde [and] McCarti Rewe, for chiefry that Desmonde claimeth over him. Between the Earl of Desmonde and McMorryce, for chiefry.

"Open friends to the Earl of Desmonde: Sir John Desmonde, his brother; James FitzMorrice, the arch-rebel; John FitzGarret, steward of Imokelly; Edmond FitzDavy, who claimeth the inheritance of Kyrrye; the Supples of the county of Lymricke; the Purcell[s] of Crowghe, Chacies, Lacyes, Hurleyes, Brownes, Rory McShane, all the Shees, the Knight of the (sic) Kyrrye.

"Lords loving justice: Earl of Ormond, Earl of Clancarte, Baron of Lyxenawe, Sir James FitzGarrett, Sir Cormok McTeg, Lord Power, Sir Thomas of Desmonde, Richard Bowrke, Baron Donboyen, Sir Theobald Butler, Patrick Sherlocke.

"Lords indifferently affected, the State being strong, and to be doubted, the State being weak; of which yet the most part for private causes be enemies to the Earl of Desmonde: Lord Barrymore, Lord Roche, McArtye Rewghe, McDonowghe, O'Suliphant Beare, O'Suliphant Moore, McBryan Ara, McBryan Ogon, Mc Wm. Bowrke, McAuley, O'Keyf, Edmond Butler, O'Mulreans, McSwynes.

[The foregoing survey of Munster is here repeated, with some few variations.]

"Men of name which now stand in terms with the Queen's Majesty: Earl of Desmonde, James FitzMorris, John Fitz Garrett of Iomockley, Rowry McShane, Mc O'Reighe. Upon these attend the Geraldines, Supples, Purcells, Chases.

"The chief lords of Mounster in general are the houses of Desmonde, Ormonde, Clancar, called [respectively] Geraldines, Butlers, Carteyes.

"All other lords and men of name are as it were tributaries of the said houses. The Butlers and the Cartyes are commonly in war with the Geraldines. By this is manifestly perceived how weak the present state of Mounster is; and whereas the House of Desmonde is now as it were in rebellion, how easy it is to overcome Mounster, and to bring a miserable waste and desolation thereupon, especially seeing, in case of rebellion, the Irish, (although in other things they be enemies to the authors of rebellions,) yet in that one point they do quickly combine and join aids, being ready to shake off the yoke of obedience, and to run to uncivility, to possess their own licentious extortions; and whereas, though hope is in the few faithful subjects and towns of defence, there is discord by the multitude of the wicked, and the lack of aid sent unto them; the other, because they stand upon merchandise, that they may receive the commodities of the country, having dealing with the Irish, and privily help them, whereby they may be much comforted, and her Majesty's government hindered. The redress thereof is a continual course of justice, of which they stand in fear. But they, perceiving the often ["after" in MS.] alteration thereof and slight dealing therein, are come into a kind of contention, comparing it to a shower of rain or storm that blustereth for a season. And if it be not speedily looked unto, there is a great thing to be feared. The invasion of the enemies by Mounster hath an open passage, it being open upon foreign powers, with sundry havens and roads following; viz., the havens of Waterford, Donegarvan, Yoghell, Corke, Oysterhaven, Kynsale, Rosse in Carrabry, Castlehaven, Baltymore, Beerhaven, Dingle, Smiricke, Sound of Blasto, Lymricke; into which foreign powers may have entry at pleasure, having no resistance, but rather, it is to be feared, their arrival is already practised."

Copy.

Calendar of the Carew Manuscripts preserved in the Archiepiscopal Library at Lambeth, ed. J. S. Brewer & W. Bullen (6 vols., 1867-73), vol. IV, document 397.