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1 November 2005 releases

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Catalogue ref. Date Description
Records of the British Council
BW22/26 1971-1973 Internal emergencies: report of situation after Salvador Allende's death during military coup which brought General Augusto Pinochet to power

 

 

A personal account from the British attaché to Santiago, Chile about the military coup that overtook the country.

Records of the Colonial Office
CO 1021/9 1952-1954 Compilation of official record of guests invited and given seats at the Coronation; protest from Pitcairn Island about a guest styling herself 'Princess of Pitcairn Island'

 

 

List of guests invited to the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II. The list included Jan Christian, the self-styled 'Princess of Pitcairn', despite having never visited the island. The file includes correspondence from officials in Pacific islands complaining about the 'Princess'. The Chief Magistrate of Pitcairn complained that whilst Miss Christian 'may be descended from Fletcher Christian…she has never been to Pitcairn Island so she cannot claim to be a real islander'.

Records of the Ministry of Defence
DEFE 19/220 1977-1978 Nuclear weapons: publicity, publications, press leaks

 

 

Background briefings on media interest in Britain's nuclear deterrent and on responses to Parliamentary Questions from (among others) Frank Allaun, MP for Salford East and Winston Churchill, MP for Stretford.

DEFE 24/1090 1969 -1977 Northern Ireland: use of CS and CR gas in countering riots

 

 

The ban on taking weapons into prison, except in a shooting situation, made it impossible to take CR gas (Dibenzoxazephine) inside a prison except in similar circumstances, thus defeating the object of CR. The British Army HQ in Northern Ireland looked at the possibility of an aerial delivery system to bring the gas into a prison without actually deploying it within the prison's perimeter.

Records created or inherited by the Department of Energy
EG18/71 1978-1979 Fuel prices and poverty

 

 

Looking into consequences of rising fuel prices in the late 1970s across the spectrum of oil, gas, coal and how it impacts on the quality of life for those on low incomes.

Records of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office
FCO 36/717 1969-1970 Entry into United Kingdom: Mrs Sarah Mugabe

Mrs Sarah Mugabe's application to stay in UK while her husband, Robert Mugabe, was imprisoned in Rhodesia.  Home Office refused to grant Mugabe permission to stay on grounds that she had already been residing in the United Kingdom as a student. Had she been a Rhodesian citizen she would have had the automatic right to stay but as a Ghanaian, she did not, and would be deported.  Contains a letter and telegram from Robert Mugabe to Harold Wilson.

Records of the Home Office
HO 45/23780 1940-1942 WAR: Harry St John Bridger Philby, close friend and adviser of Ibn Saud and outspoken critic of British policy in Middle East: detention in India and deportation without legal authority; internment in UK for alleged disloyal statements 

Harry St. John Bridger Philby - the father of Soviet spy 'Kim' Philby - was a former Indian Civil Servant who resigned from government in 1924 because of his belief that British policy in the Middle East was "substantially a breach of faith with the Arabs and as likely to strain the traditional friendship of Briton and Arab in the event of this country becoming engaged in a major war."  Living in Jedda and Mecca, Philby became a close friend and confidential advisor to Ibn Saud and converted to Islam in 1930.

 

In 1939 Philby returned to England to stand as a candidate for the fascist British People's Party led by the Duke of Bedford. At Ibn Saud's behest Philby returned to Saudi Arabia shortly after his unsuccessful candidacy where he was reported to have made a number of "anti-British" remarks to the French consul in Jedda who reported this "scandalous" incident to the British authorities, whilst admitting it had happened Philby later claimed his remarks had been misinterpreted. The Home Office feared that such remarks would gain "considerable publicity" in the Arab world and that Philby's behaviour was "something approaching an attempt to stir up sedition."

 

Whilst travelling to America in July 1940 Philby made a twenty-four hour stop over in Karachi, India where he was arrested under Rule 26 (1) (a) of the Defence of India Rules and subsequently deported to England. He was arrested on board SS City of Venice when it docked in Liverpool and was then interned, first in Huyton and then Ascot.

 

As the file makes clear, Philby's case was complicated by the fact that not only did the Advisory Committee have problems establishing who had recommended Philby's internment, but that they were not told that Philby had been interned at all (Philby's own appeals to the Home Office were never forwarded to the Advisory Committee) and his internment was only discovered by the Advisory Committee during a routine enquiry into unheard cases at Ascot. The file also deals with the wrangle over the loss of Philby's luggage, including some 'irreplaceable' manuscripts.

 

Given Philby's eminence as "a distinguished man" whose "writings on Arabia and his explorations rank very high" the Advisory Committee were "considerably disturbed" by the manner of his detention -  "the legality of which they gravely doubt" - and recommended his immediate release. Philby was released on 18 March 1941.
HO 45/23785 1940-1943 WAR: Roy Peter Simpson alias Edgar Ronald Jarrold: remarkable case of an Australian whose release from detention under Defence Regulation 18B and repatriation was delayed as there was difficultly in establishing his identity

 

 

Australian man in his early 20s jailed during World War II after committing a minor crime, but then detain indefinitely after espousing anti-British/pro-German sentiments. Jarrold was detained from late 1940-1943 despite no charges being laid.

HO 144/22259 1916-1917 PRISONS AND PRISONERS: Stephen Hobhouse: imprisonment for refusal to obey military orders; later author of books on English prisons

 

 

Stephen Hobhouse, the son of The Right Honourable Henry Hobhouse, was sentenced in April 1917 to two year's hard labour for being a contentious objector to World War I. Correspondence in the file calls for Hobhouse's release from Exeter Gaol and a letter from his mother, concerned about the state of her son's mental state after he spent 130 days in solitary confinement.

HO 405/7852 1951-1986 CANETTI, E Date of Birth: 25.07.1905

 

 

Naturalisation application of Bulgarian-born German novelist Elias Canetti, thirty years before he won the Nobel Prize for literature. Canetti had a number of high profile sponsors including Sir Gilmore Jenkins, from the Ministry of Transport, who expressed mild concern over the depth of investigation into the author's application.

HO 405/9421 1952-1970 CORAL, J Date of Birth: 11.12.1904

 

 

Joseph Coral's naturalisation application includes the usual questionnaires and reports on the candidate's character. Despite initial concerns over Coral's background as a turf accountant and some minor motoring offences, it was concluded that 'he is not a bad sort of fellow'.

Records of Special Operations Executive
HS 9/316/2 1939-1946 Randolph CHURCHILL

 

A thin file detailing some of Randolph Churchill's wartime activities with the partisans in Yugoslavia.

Records of the Metropolitan Police Office
MEPO 3/2138 1942-1943 Prostitution in the West End of London with special reference to American troops

 

 

A police investigation launched following an editorial in The Sunday Pictorial entitled 'The Spider's Web of Vice' which chronicled the rise of dance halls and bottle parties in London's West End. There is a reference to prostitution in a report entitled Pestering of US serviceman by British girls. 

Records of the Prime Minister's Office
PREM 11/2911 1952-1960 Televising of Royal, State and national occasions

 

 

Priority filming of state ceremonies and important events where there is only room for one crew to operate or where there are sensitivities.  BBC was offered priority but both BBC and ITA were to have own commentators.

Records of the successive works departments, and of the Ancient Monuments Boards and Inspectorate
WORK 20/363 1965-1986 Vacant plinth

 

 

Proposals for the vacant plinth in Trafalgar Square.