Eleanor, Queen of England and consort of Henry III
Also known as Eleanor of Provence
Born: on an unknown day in 1223, Provence (France) Died: 24 June 1291 (aged 68) Spouse: King Henry III of England, married 14 January 1236, died 1272 Title: Queen of England, Lady of Ireland, Duchess of Normandy and Aquitaine, and Countess of Anjou
When she married Henry III, Eleanor and her three sisters were well known throughout Europe for their great beauty. Eleanor had five children with Henry III, four before she was 22.
Did you know Queen Eleanor was attacked by a mob of Londoners in 1263? While she was travelling down the River Thames on a barge, Eleanor was halted at London Bridge by a group of citizens who threw stones and muck at her boat. The mob also shouted insults at Eleanor for being a foreigner.
Eleanor refused to accept the restraints that Simon de Montfort and his rebels had placed upon her husband, Henry III, in 1263. She travelled to Gascony, in France, where she used her influence and family connections to gather support for her husband. This played an instrumental role in helping bring about Montfort’s defeat at the battle of Evesham in August 1265.
Test your understanding
What did the King accept in 1258?
Wrong answer I’m afraid...
Why don’t you speak to Queen Eleanor again, and maybe ask her why the king is having trouble?
Excellent work... Yes, the answer is the Provisions of Oxford, which were a set of principles which forced the King to accept a new form of government.
Why have the barons rebelled against Henry III?
Is it because Simon de Montfort is an ambitious traitor who wants power for himself? Is he not really interested in the liberties granted by Magna Carta and is acting like a revolutionary dictator by seizing power?
Or is it Henry who cannot be trusted? Has he ruled the kingdom badly and he is also trying to get out of commitments he has made to rule according to Magna Carta and the Provisions of Oxford?
It is the view of this chronicle that the barons have rebelled against King Henry III because…
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